From: "Achava Nakhash, the Loving Snake"
Subject: Re: Fiddley Maclaurin series convergence question
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 10:42:04 -0800
Newsgroups: sci.math
To: eric.fennessey@gecm.com
Keywords: Taylor series at endpoints, Abel summation as Stieltjes integrals
eric.fennessey@gecm.com wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I have a question I hope some clever analyst can answer, proof or
> counterexample would be fine.
>
> Suppose f:[a,b]->IR is continuous and has a Maclaurin series expansion on
> (a,b). Suppose the Maclaurin series converges at b, does it follow that it
> converges to f(b).
>
> The question arose from a piece of work in which I had a Maclaurin series
> expansion for a function f on (-0.25,0.25). The series converged at 0.25 (the
> radius of convergence) and I wanted to know whether it would necessarily
> converge to f(0.25).
>
> In the particular instance I showed this was actually true, and was wondering
> if it was true in general, or if there was a nifty counter-example.
>
> Thanks in advance,
> Eric
I am not an analyst of any description, but here is what I remember about this
very interesting question. If a power series converges on an interval, say (a -
r, a + r), just a reminder that convergence is symmetrical around the number a
when the series is in terms of powers of (x - a), and if the power series also
converges at one of the endpoints, then indeed the function is continous as you
approach the endpoint from insided the interval. In other words your conjecture
is correrct.
This is a surprsingly difficult fact to prove. The proof uses a beautiful trick
known as Abel's partial summation, so presumably the theorem is due to Abel. It
should be easy to find references to Abel's partial summation in any good
introductory analysis book such as that by Rudin that was standard back when I
was a student. For those familiar with Stieltjes integration (also covered in
Rudin) the Abel partial summation is a highly useful example of integration by
parts with the right Stieltjes integration. That having been said, the direct
proof of Abel's partial summation could be followed by a motivated high school
student. This is one of those things in mathematics that is easy to see once
someone has shown it to you, but it took a genius to see not only the idea but
also its usefulness.
Hope this helps,
Achava